Social and Religious Life in Central Asia During the Karakhanid Period

Abstract

This study examines the socio-religious life in Central Asia during the period of the Karakhanid state (840–1212). The research analyzes the process of the spread of Islam in the region, particularly highlighting the influence of the Umayyad and Abbasid periods. It demonstrates that during the Karakhanid era, Islam became widely established among the general population. Special attention is given to the performance and social significance of the main Islamic practices, including the five daily prayers, Friday and Eid prayers, fasting, zakat, Hajj, and sacrificial rituals. The study is based on historical sources, works of geographers, and elements of oral literature. In addition, the paper explores the role of trade, especially the Silk Road, and its connection with religious and social development. The findings show that Islam became deeply integrated into both the spiritual and social life of society during the Karakhanid period.