METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF FOLLICULAR CYSTS AND MODERN APPROACHES TO THEIR SURGICAL TREATMENT IN CHILDREN (Literature Review)

Abstract

Relevance. The article presents an analysis of modern domestic and international literature on the methods of diagnosis and surgical treatment of follicular (dentigerous) cysts in children. The relevance of the topic is обусловлена the high prevalence of this pathology during the mixed dentition period, its predominantly asymptomatic course, and the risk of impaired normal development of the dentoalveolar system. Modern diagnostic methods are reviewed, including clinical examination and imaging techniques (orthopantomography and cone-beam computed tomography), which allow early detection of the pathology and clarification of its topographic and anatomical features. Particular attention is paid to contemporary approaches to surgical treatment based on the principles of individualization and interdisciplinary collaboration. The indications and features of organ-preserving methods (marsupialization, decompression), radical interventions (cystectomy), as well as combined (two-stage) treatment strategies are described. The importance of preserving the developing permanent teeth and the need for subsequent orthodontic management are emphasized. The mandatory role of histological verification for definitive diagnosis and differential diagnosis with other odontogenic lesions is highlighted. It is concluded that the choice of treatment method should be individualized, based on clinical and radiological data and the patient’s age.