ENVIRONMENTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION

Abstract

This article examines current methodological approaches to transforming the cost accounting system at coal mining companies in the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of the global transition to sustainable development (ESG) principles. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the existing methodological vacuum and the gap between national environmental legislation and financial reporting practices, which hinders the integration of Kyrgyz companies into the international investment community.

Based on an in-depth analysis of IAS 37 concepts, the critical need to transition from fragmented current cost accounting to a life-cycle costing (LCC) model is substantiated. Particular attention is paid to distinguishing between estimated and contingent liabilities, as well as mitigating the risks of profit manipulation through reserves.

As a practical solution, the authors have developed and presented a comprehensive calculation and application model for the formation, discounting, and "unwinding" of reserves for the reclamation of disturbed lands using the most probable outcome method and the unit-of-production method of asset depreciation. The proposed toolkit enables coal mining companies to formulate transparent "green" production costs, ensure stable financial results, and transform environmental obligations from a hidden economic burden into a manageable factor in the long-term sustainability and digitalization of the Kyrgyz mining sector.