KOKAND KHANATE OF THE KYRGYZ, TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH THE QIN EMPIRE AND RUSSIA (XVIII CENTURY - BEGINNING OF THE XIX CENTURY)

Abstract

Trade and economic ties of the Kyrgyz with neighboring states: the Qin Empire, the Kokand Khanate, Russia and the Fergana Valley deepened and reached their apogee in the second half of the 18th century. Domestic production was adapted to nomadic life and based on subsistence farming. In this regard, the Kyrgyz conducted trade relations with neighboring peoples and regulated commodity exchange processes. The article analyzes, on the basis of scientific works and sources, the trade, economic and cultural relations of the Kyrgyz with the peoples of the Kokon Khanate, Russia and the Qing Empire of the 18th century. – beginning of the 19th century from a new aspect. Since trade was carried out by a commodity exchange process, it was of a natural nature..