RECOMMENDATIONS ON SOME TOPICS OF CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOKS FOR 8-9 GRADES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Abstract

Relevance. In the topic “Valency”, which is taught in 8th grade, we recommend noting the presence of trivalent oxygen compounds (H₃O⁺ and carbon monoxide CO). In the topic "Acids" it should be noted that H₃PO₂ is monobasic, and H₃PO₃ is dibasic. Instead of writing it as a hydrogen ion (H⁺) in aqueous solution, we recommend writing it as a hydronium ion (H₃O⁺). In the topic “Oxidation states of elements” note the chemical formulas of compounds in which the values of the oxidation states of atoms do not correspond to valency, since this information is in textbooks written for a higher educational institution. We consider bringing some topics in secondary school textbooks into line with higher education textbooks. Then students do not have conflicting opinions.